ANTENNE BASICS & VARIOUS TYPES OF ANTENNA

 ANTENNE BASICS & VARIOUS TYPES OF ANTENNA


    Hello friends welcome to HiTech BabaJi- Simply Read & Learn. Today we will discuss about Antenna Basics & Various Types of Antennas. 
    

ANTENNA  is a device which converts electromagnetic radiations from space into electrical currents in conductors and electrical currents from conductors into electromagnetic radiations in space. So we can say an Antenna is a metallic structure or conductor or wire  that receives or transmits radio waves.  

    Antenna comes in different shapes and sizes from little one to really big one. Little one which can be found on your mobile phones and really big one which receives signals from satellites, about 36000 kms away from earth surface and from deep space also.


    Antennas may be divided into various categories depending upon physical structure, frequency of operation and their applications. Some of the important types of Antennas are:

        1. Wire Antenna
        2. Aperture Antenna
        3. Reflector Antenna
        4. Lens Antenna
        5. Microstrip Antenna
        6. Array Antenna
Wire Antenna : Wire antennas are the basic types of antennas. These are well known and widely used antennas. The following are the examples of wire antenna :
        a)    Dipole
        b)    Monopole
        c)    Helix
        d)    Loop

Applications of Wire Antenna : Personal applications like antenna at rooftop of buildings, at rooftop of automobiles, in aero planes, aircrafts and space crafts.
Aperture Antenna: 

An Antenna with an aperture at the end can be termed as an Aperture antenna. Waveguide is an example of aperture antenna. The edge of a transmission line when terminated with an opening, radiates energy. This opening which is an aperture, makes it an Aperture antenna.

The main types of aperture antennas are −

  • Wave guide antenna
  • Horn antenna
  • Slot antenna
Aperture Antennas are used in the space communications where radiation losses are required to be very low.
Reflector Antenna : An antenna reflector is a device that reflects electromagnetic waves. Antenna reflectors can exist as a standalone device for redirecting radio frequency (RF) energy, or can be integrated as part of an antenna assembly.

    Parabolic antenna is distinguished by their shapes and size. Parabolic antenna is an antenna use a parabolic reflector. This parabolic or curved reflector surface directs the radio waves to its focal point. The most common shapes are dish antenna. The main advantage of dish antenna is its high directivity and gain. 
    The types of parabolic antennas are:
            a)    Axial or front feed or prime focus dish antenna
            b)    Offset feed or offset focus dish antenna
            c)    Cassegrainian feed dish antenna
            d)    Gregorian feed dish antenna

Thank you for Reading, HTB, Hitech Babaji 

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